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Varicose veins occur most commonly due to failure of valves in veins usually found 1-2 centimetres under the skin, called the truncal veins or saphenous veins. When working, these valves in these veins stop blood running back down the legs under the influence of gravity. If the valves fail, the blood refluxes down the leg, causing branches of these veins to full with blood, dilate and grow larger. This increased pressure in the veins leads to the symptoms associated with varicose veins.